With Navratri just around the corner, with a full nine-day package of fasting, celebrations, and devotion. But have you ever gotten curious about what it really celebrates?
Of course, Navratri commemorates the nine avatars of Goddess Durga, who isn’t just a fierce warrior but also a symbol of feminine power in all its forms - motherly, nurturing, fierce, and wise. Even the name Navratri translates to “nine nights”, celebrating each avatar of the goddess on a separate day.
But, let’s dive into these nine incredible forms and understand what each one represents as well as their story and significance.
Nine Avatars of Goddess Durga
|
Day of Navratri |
9 Avatars of Goddess Durga |
Mantra |
|
1 |
Shailaputri |
ॐ देवी शैलपुत्र्यै नमः |
|
2 |
Brahmacharini |
ॐ देवी ब्रह्मचारिण्यै नम: |
|
3 |
Chandraghanta |
ॐ देवी चंद्रघण्टायै नम: |
|
4 |
Kushmanda |
ॐ ऐं ह्रीं क्लीं कूष्मांडायै नम: |
|
5 |
Skandamata |
ॐ देवी स्कन्दमातायै नम: |
|
6 |
Katyayani |
ॐ देवी कात्यायन्यै नम: |
|
7 |
Kalaratri |
ॐ देवी कालरात्र्यै नम: |
|
8 |
Mahagauri |
ॐ देवी महागौर्यै नम: |
|
9 |
Siddhidhatri |
ॐ ऐं ह्रीं क्लीं सिद्धिदात्र्यै नम: |
1. Shailaputri: The Daughter of the Mountains
Literally translating to the “Daughter of the Mountain”, this avatar of Durga Maa is the reincarnation of Goddess Sati, who in her previous life, immolated herself after her father insulted her husband, Lord Shiva. Born as the daughter of the King of Mountains, Parvati (Shailaputri) symbolizes the earth’s element and the rootedness that keeps us grounded. On the first day of Navratri, devotees worship her to bring stability and strength in their lives, inspired by her patience and devotion.
Iconography: She is depicted as adorned with simple ornamentations and dressed in red and pink robes. She holds a trident and lotus in both of her hands and is shown seated upon a white bull.
2. Brahmacharini: Mother of Devotion and Penance
Day two of this auspicious festival celebrates the Brahmacharini avatar of Durga maa. The story behind this relates to the goddess going into deep penance to win Lord Shiva as her consort. She’s the ultimate symbol of perseverance and quiet strength, symbolizing the female who observes Brahmacharya, one of the four stages of life in Hindu philosophy.
Brahmacharini’s story teaches us about the power of love and dedication, involving intense meditation, fasting, and years of waiting for love to manifest. She encourages her devotees to stay committed to their goals, no matter how tough things get.
Iconography: To represent the Brahmacharya way of life, she is shown dressed as a female ascetic, adorned by dried-up Rudraksha beads and flowers. In both of her hands she carries a rosary and a kamandala (water pot).
3. Chandraghanta: Destroyer of demons
On the third day, a fierce avatar of Durga maa is worshipped who is often depicted as riding a tiger, wielding weapons and ready to vanquish evil demons. Her crescent moon-shaped bell (ghanta) adorns her forehead, (thus the name Chandraghanta) and just the sound of it sends shivers down the spines of everything evil. It is said that she adorned her head with the half-moon after marrying Lord Shiva.
She represents bravery and courage. So, if you’re feeling a bit down or need a little extra strength to face life’s battles, Chandraghanta’s energy is what you need to channel.
Iconography: She is depicted with ten hands holding a trident, mace, bow, arrow, lotus, sword, bell and a waterpot, while one other hand blesses her devotees. She is shown seated upon a menacing tiger.
4. Kushmanda: The Cosmic Creator
This is one of the most powerful nine avatars of Goddess Durga. Kushmanda is often regarded as the creator of the universe. It is often believed that the universe (Brahmanda) emerged from her divine smile. Her name means "Goddess of The Cosmic Egg ".
The Kushmanda avatar of Durga maa is all about inner power, creativity, and the energy that exists within all of us. On the fourth day, her devotees pray for health, strength, and a sense of purpose. This is the Durga avatar that you must worship if you want to have a healthy and happy life.
Iconography: She is shown in popular depiction with eight hands, six of them hold a discus, mace, lotus, bow and arrow, sword and rosary and the two other hands carry a jar of honey and waterpot. This form shows her mounted upon the back of a lion.
5. Skandamata: The Mother of a Warrior
Day five is about the nurturing avatar of Durga maa. Skandamata is the mother of Lord Kartikeya (also known as Skanda), the god of war. In the popular depiction, she is shown carrying her son in her lap while also wielding divine weapons, showing that motherhood doesn’t mean weakness but a different kind of power altogether. The story of this Durga avatar teaches us about unconditional love, selflessness, and strength in protecting those you care about. Devotees who worship her are sure to be blessed with power, prosperity, and life’s other treasures.
Iconography: In this avatar, she has four hands, two of which hold lotuses, the third holds her son, the six-headed infant Kartikeya seated on her lap, and the fourth is in Abhay mudra, blessing all. She is seated upon the back of a lion.
6. Katyayani: The Fierce Warrior
This is a warrior avatar of Durga maa. She was born to Sage Katyayana after he prayed for a child to end the tyranny of demons. In the Skanda Puranas, she is mentioned as the one who defeated the buffalo-demon Mahishasura, and this occasion is celebrated on every sixth day of the Navratri. It represents not only the victory of the Goddess over evil but the everyday fight of devatas and daityas within us. Her victory is the perfect reminder for us to follow the path of Dharma and truth.
In the popular legend, it is believed that Maa Katyayani blesses those who worship her with suitable loving partners, that is why even Shri Krishna’s Gopis worshipped her.
Iconography: She is depicted with heavy ornamentation and dressed in green and pink vestments. In her four hands, she carries a sword, shield, lotus and trident while sitting on a fierce lion.
7. Kaalratri: Goddess of Courage
Also known as the goddess of time and death, Kaalratri shows the fiercest of the nine avatars of Goddess Durga. With a dark complexion, fiery eyes, and untamed hair, she represents the darkness of the night and is worshipped on the seventh day of Navratri as an acceptance of the darkness that exists within us all. But most importantly, she teaches us to be at peace with it and channel it to bring light into other’s lives.
Although, she is the most ferocious avatar of Durga maa, she is known to shower her worshippers with blessings and protection.
Iconography: With her three bloodshot eyes, unkempt hair, and a garland of skulls around her neck, she is the most terrifying avatar of Durga maa. Her four hands hold a trident, scimitar, vajra, and a cup as she sits upon the back of a donkey.
8. Mahagauri: The Goddess of Purity
After the intense energy of Kaalratri, we move into the serene form of Mahagauri. Her radiance is said to cleanse all impurities, both external and internal. She represents peace, purity, and wisdom. On this day, devotees seek spiritual and mental clarity, letting go of their past mistakes and moving forward with grace and purity of thought.
Iconography: She is shown with one of her four hands offering protection to her followers, while the other three hold a pink lotus, a mini-drum, and a trident. She sits on top of a white ox.
9. Siddhidatri: The Bestower of Supernatural Powers
Siddhidatri is the final avatar of Goddess Durga worshipped on Navratri. She’s the one who grants wisdom and perfection. Her name literally means “giver of siddhis,” or supernatural powers. Not just magical abilities, but the inner powers of focus, insight, and self-realization. She completes Durga’s journey, from the nurturing mother to the fierce warrior, showing us the culmination of feminine energy in its highest, most enlightened form.
Iconography: This form shows her sitting on a lotus in full bloom with a mace, a conch shell, a pink lotus, and a discus in each of her four hands.
Takeaway
The nine avatars of Durga aren’t just ancient beliefs, they’re a journey through different aspects of life and femininity, from love and nurturing to courage and destruction. Each form of Durga is a reflection of the challenges, strengths, and growth we all go through.
So, the next time Navratri rolls around, you’ll know that it’s more than just nine days of devotion and fasting. It’s a celebration of the divine power within all of us, a reminder that life is about balance, sometimes soft, sometimes fierce, but always powerful.
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